The Torah in French, composed of five books of the Old Testament or Holy Hebrew Bible

The Torah (Hebrew: רהָוֹת, "instruction"; Ancient Greek: Νόμος / Nómos, "Law"1) is, according to Jewish tradition, the divine teaching transmitted by God to Moses (Hebrew: שהֶֹׁרת־מַוֹת– ּ Tōraṯ Mōshe) on Mount Sinai and conveyed through its five books (Hebrew: חומשי חמשה תורה – Ḥamishā Ḥoumshē Tōrā) as well as all the teachings derived from it2,3.

It is composed of five books designated in Hebrew by one of the first words of the text and traditionally in English: Genesis (Berēshīṯ: In the Beginning), Exodus (Shemōṯ: Names), Leviticus (Vayyiqrā: And He Called), Numbers (Bamiḏbar: In the Desert), and Deuteronomy (Devarim: Words).

It contains, according to rabbinic tradition, 613 commandments4 and includes, in addition to the written component (Hebrew: שבכתב תורה, Tōrā sheBikhtāḇ: "Written Torah"), an oral dimension (Hebrew: פה שבעל תורה, Tōrā sheBeʿal Pe: "Oral Torah"), subsequently compiled in the Talmud and Midrashic literature3, unlike the Karaite Jewish tradition which only considers the Written Torah.